各文件的MIME类型

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下面收集了大部分文件的扩展名和相应的MIME对应,有需要的可以在列表中找到并添加。

.asx,video/x-ms-asf
.xml,text/xml
.tsv,text/tab-separated-values
.ra,audio/x-pn-realaudio
.sv4crc,application/x-sv4crc
.spc,application/x-pkcs7-certificates
.pmc,application/x-perfmon
.lit,application/x-ms-reader
.crd,application/x-mscardfile
.isp,application/x-internet-signup
.wmlsc,application/vnd.wap.wmlscriptc
.vst,application/vnd.visio
.xlam,application/vnd.ms-excel.addin.macroEnabled.12
.ttf,application/octet-stream
.pfm,application/octet-stream
.csv,application/octet-stream
.aaf,application/octet-stream
.one,application/onenote
.hta,application/hta
.atom,application/atom+xml
.323,text/h323
.mhtml,message/rfc822
.midi,audio/mid
.p7r,application/x-pkcs7-certreqresp
.mny,application/x-msmoney
.clp,application/x-msclip
.vsd,application/vnd.visio
.lpk,application/octet-stream
.bin,application/octet-stream
.onetoc,application/onenote
.x,application/directx
.wvx,video/x-ms-wvx
.vcf,text/x-vcard
.htc,text/x-component
.htt,text/webviewhtml
.h,text/plain
.mht,message/rfc822
.mid,audio/mid
.p7b,application/x-pkcs7-certificates
.gz,application/x-gzip
.dvi,application/x-dvi
.cpio,application/x-cpio
.vdx,application/vnd.ms-visio.viewer
.sldm,application/vnd.ms-powerpoint.slide.macroEnabled.12
.xlm,application/vnd.ms-excel
.fdf,application/vnd.fdf
.setreg,application/set-registration-initiation
.eps,application/postscript
.p7s,application/pkcs7-signature
.toc,application/octet-stream
.mdp,application/octet-stream
.ics,application/octet-stream
.chm,application/octet-stream
.asi,application/octet-stream
.afm,application/octet-stream
.evy,application/envoy
.wmp,video/x-ms-wmp
.qt,video/quicktime
.mpv2,video/mpeg
.xslt,text/xml
.etx,text/x-setext
.cod,image/cis-cod
.snd,audio/basic
.au,audio/basic
.man,application/x-troff-man
.qtl,application/x-quicktimeplayer
.pmw,application/x-perfmon
.class,application/x-java-applet
.iii,application/x-iphone
.csh,application/x-csh
.z,application/x-compress
.vtx,application/vnd.visio
.vsw,application/vnd.visio
.wps,application/vnd.ms-works
.potx,application/vnd.openxmlformats-officedocument.presentationml.template
.ps,application/postscript
.p7c,application/pkcs7-mime
.thn,application/octet-stream
.mso,application/octet-stream
.dot,application/msword
.doc,application/msword
.sgml,text/sgml
.nws,message/rfc822
.pbm,image/x-portable-bitmap
.ief,image/ief
.wav,audio/wav
.texi,application/x-texinfo
.mvb,application/x-msmediaview
.hdf,application/x-hdf
.vsx,application/vnd.visio
.dotm,application/vnd.ms-word.template.macroEnabled.12
.docm,application/vnd.ms-word.document.macroEnabled.12
.pptx,application/vnd.openxmlformats-officedocument.presentationml.presentation
.psm,application/octet-stream
.java,application/octet-stream
.eot,application/octet-stream
.jar,application/java-archive
.mpeg,video/mpeg
.xsf,text/xml
.map,text/plain
.uls,text/iuls
.rf,image/vnd.rn-realflash
.m3u,audio/x-mpegurl
.wma,audio/x-ms-wma
.aifc,audio/aiff
.mdb,application/x-msaccess
.mvc,application/x-miva-compiled
.stl,application/vnd.ms-pki.stl
.ppsx,application/vnd.openxmlformats-officedocument.presentationml.slideshow
.xlsb,application/vnd.ms-excel.sheet.binary.macroEnabled.12
.setpay,application/set-payment-initiation
.prm,application/octet-stream
.mix,application/octet-stream
.lzh,application/octet-stream
.hhk,application/octet-stream
.onepkg,application/onenote
.xaf,x-world/x-vrml
.flr,x-world/x-vrml
.IVF,video/x-ivf
.cnf,text/plain
.asm,text/plain
.tiff,image/tiff
.wax,audio/x-ms-wax
.ms,application/x-troff-ms
.tcl,application/x-tcl
.shar,application/x-shar
.sh,application/x-sh
.nc,application/x-netcdf
.hlp,application/winhlp
.oda,application/oda
.pfb,application/octet-stream
.fla,application/octet-stream
.wm,video/x-ms-wm
.rgb,image/x-rgb
.ppm,image/x-portable-pixmap
.ram,audio/x-pn-realaudio
.sit,application/x-stuffit
.dir,application/x-director
.mpp,application/vnd.ms-project
.xla,application/vnd.ms-excel
.ssm,application/streamingmedia
.axs,application/olescript
.ods,application/oleobject
.psp,application/octet-stream
.jpb,application/octet-stream
.wrz,x-world/x-vrml
.m1v,video/mpeg
.mno,text/xml
.cmx,image/x-cmx
.jpeg,image/jpeg
.dib,image/bmp
.rmi,audio/mid
.aiff,audio/aiff
.wmd,application/x-ms-wmd
.wri,application/x-mswrite
.pub,application/x-mspublisher
.ins,application/x-internet-signup
.wks,application/vnd.ms-works
.xls,application/vnd.ms-excel
.ai,application/postscript
.crl,application/pkix-crl
.qxd,application/octet-stream
.dwp,application/octet-stream
.xof,x-world/x-vrml
.wmv,video/x-ms-wmv
.nsc,video/x-ms-asf
.mpa,video/mpeg
.pnm,image/x-portable-anymap
.rpm,audio/x-pn-realaudio-plugin
.aif,audio/x-aiff
.me,application/x-troff-me
.pml,application/x-perfmon
.trm,application/x-msterminal
.m13,application/x-msmediaview
.js,application/x-javascript
.dxr,application/x-director
.potm,application/vnd.ms-powerpoint.template.macroEnabled.12
.xltx,application/vnd.openxmlformats-officedocument.spreadsheetml.template
.xlt,application/vnd.ms-excel
.xlc,application/vnd.ms-excel
.p10,application/pkcs10
.smi,application/octet-stream
.sea,application/octet-stream
.hqx,application/mac-binhex40
.spl,application/futuresplash
.movie,video/x-sgi-movie
.lsf,video/x-la-asf
.txt,text/plain
.jfif,image/pjpeg
.jpe,image/jpeg
.zip,application/x-zip-compressed
.wmf,application/x-msmetafile
.m14,application/x-msmediaview
.latex,application/x-latex
.wcm,application/vnd.ms-works
.pptm,application/vnd.ms-powerpoint.presentation.macroEnabled.12
.xlsx,application/vnd.openxmlformats-officedocument.spreadsheetml.sheet
.hhp,application/octet-stream
.aca,application/octet-stream
.accdb,application/msaccess
.jcz,application/liquidmotion
.wrl,x-world/x-vrml
.wmx,video/x-ms-wmx
.asr,video/x-ms-asf
.lsx,video/x-la-asf
.xsl,text/xml
.html,text/html
.tif,image/tiff
.der,application/x-x509-ca-cert
.pfx,application/x-pkcs12
.p12,application/x-pkcs12
.ppsm,application/vnd.ms-powerpoint.slideshow.macroEnabled.12
.cur,application/octet-stream
.accdt,application/msaccess
.hdml,text/x-hdml
.htm,text/html
.xbm,image/x-xbitmap
.jpg,image/jpeg
.texinfo,application/x-texinfo
.ppam,application/vnd.ms-powerpoint.addin.macroEnabled.12
.xlw,application/vnd.ms-excel
.rm,application/vnd.rn-realmedia
.pdf,application/pdf
.rar,application/octet-stream
.psd,application/octet-stream
.inf,application/octet-stream
.emz,application/octet-stream
.dsp,application/octet-stream
.onea,application/onenote
.jck,application/liquidmotion
.mpe,video/mpeg
.mp2,video/mpeg
.sct,text/scriptlet
.ras,image/x-cmu-raster
.swf,application/x-shockwave-flash

.FLV,flv-application/octet-stream(站点中的flash没法播放加上这个就行了)
.wmz,application/x-ms-wmz
.gtar,application/x-gtar
.dcr,application/x-director
.sldx,application/vnd.openxmlformats-officedocument.presentationml.slide
.pps,application/vnd.ms-pps
.p7m,application/pkcs7-mime
.xsn,application/octet-stream
.ocx,application/octet-stream
.accde,application/msaccess
.mov,video/quicktime
.wmls,text/vnd.wap.wmlscript
.cpp,text/plain
.c,text/plain
.bas,text/plain
.css,text/css
.art,image/x-jg
.mp3,audio/mpeg
.t,application/x-troff
.roff,application/x-troff
.tar,application/x-tar
.hhc,application/x-oleobject
.scd,application/x-msschedule
.pko,application/vnd.ms-pki.pko
.sst,application/vnd.ms-pki.certstore
.ppt,application/vnd.ms-powerpoint
.xtp,application/octet-stream
.u32,application/octet-stream
.pcx,application/octet-stream
.msi,application/octet-stream
.exe,application/octet-stream
.asd,application/octet-stream
.onetoc2,application/onenote
.fif,application/fractals
.mpg,video/mpeg
.vml,text/xml
.xdr,text/plain
.vcs,text/plain
.hxt,text/html
.eml,message/rfc822
.xpm,image/x-xpixmap
.ico,image/x-icon
.gif,image/gif
.dwf,drawing/x-dwf
.src,application/x-wais-source
.tr,application/x-troff
.pmr,application/x-perfmon
.pma,application/x-perfmon
.dll,application/x-msdownload
.bcpio,application/x-bcpio
.wmlc,application/vnd.wap.wmlc
.wdb,application/vnd.ms-works
.dotx,application/vnd.openxmlformats-officedocument.wordprocessingml.template
.docx,application/vnd.openxmlformats-officedocument.wordprocessingml.document
.pot,application/vnd.ms-powerpoint
.xltm,application/vnd.ms-excel.template.macroEnabled.12
.rtf,application/rtf
.prf,application/pics-rules
.snp,application/octet-stream
.cab,application/octet-stream
.avi,video/x-msvideo
.asf,video/x-ms-asf
.dtd,text/xml
.wml,text/vnd.wap.wml
.vbs,text/vbscript
.rtx,text/richtext
.dlm,text/dlm
.xwd,image/x-xwindowdump
.pgm,image/x-portable-graymap
.bmp,image/bmp
.crt,application/x-x509-ca-cert
.ustar,application/x-ustar
.tex,application/x-tex
.sv4cpio,application/x-sv4cpio
.tgz,application/x-compressed
.cdf,application/x-cdf
.vss,application/vnd.visio
.cat,application/vnd.ms-pki.seccat
.thmx,application/vnd.ms-officetheme
.xlsm,application/vnd.ms-excel.sheet.macroEnabled.12
.prx,application/octet-stream
.pcz,application/octet-stream
.onetmp,application/onenote
.acx,application/internet-property-stream
.wsdl,text/xml
.disco,text/xml
.xsd,text/xml
.wbmp,image/vnd.wap.wbmp
.png,image/png
.pnz,image/png
.smd,audio/x-smd
.smz,audio/x-smd
.smx,audio/x-smd
.mmf,application/x-smaf

Larvel跳转

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Laravel学习 – 轩脉刃 – 博客园

Laravel是个很强大的PHP框架，它剔除了开发中Web开发中比较痛苦的过程，提供了验证（authentication），路由（routing），Session和缓存（caching）等开发过程中常用到的工具或者功能。

Laravel的配置都存放在app/config中。

Laravel学习 – 轩脉刃 – 博客园

里面所有的*.php都按照return的形式返回数据，那么就可以使用Config::get(“key”)来获取配置。使用Config::set(“key”, “value”) 来赋值配置项

要想使用不同的环境配置，就需要在config下创建对应配置的文件夹。然后它会覆盖对应的配置项。

获取当前的环境是使用App::environment()，判断当前环境是什么是使用：App::environment(“local”)

providers是用来配置对应的服务的，比如：

Laravel学习 – 轩脉刃 – 博客园

Laravel的请求周期：

1 请求先从public/index.php中进入

2 bootstrap/start.php文件创建app并检测环境

3 内部的 /Illuminate/Foundation/start.php文件配置相关设置并加载服务器

4 加载app/start目录下的文件

5 加载app/routes.php的路由设置

6 request通过controller等转化为response

7 返回response

路由配置：

配置的格式是：

Route::get(‘foo/bar’, funciton(){return ‘Hello World’;})

路由参数是可以有下面几种的：

Image(34)

可选路由参数：

Image(35)

带有默认的可选的路由参数：

Image(36)

用正则表达式限定的路由参数：

Image(37)

传递参数限定的数组：

Image(38)

定义全局模式：

Image(39)

不同的参数定位到不同的路由：

Image(40)

好，现在有个问题是某些路由必须要登录或者验证才能访问怎么办？这里就使用到了路由过滤器这个东西。

比如下面这个例子，当年龄小于200的时候就跳转到主页：

Image(41)

Request中的操作：

获取用户提交的值：Input::get(‘name’);

获取用户提交的值并指定默认值：Input::get(‘name’, ‘Sally’);

用户提交的信息是否存在：Input::has(‘name’)

获取所有用户提交的信息：Input::all()

获取其中几项指定的信息：Input::only(‘username’, ‘password’);

获取除几项之外的提交信息：Input::except(‘card’);

访问用户提交的数组：Input::get(‘products.0.name’);

cookie操作：

获取Cookie中的值：Cookie::get(‘name’)

添加一个Cookie：

$response = Response::make(‘Hello World’);

response−>withCookie(Cookie::make( ′ name ′ , ′ value ′ , minutes));

如果想在Response之前设置Cookie，使用Cookie::queue()

Cookie::queue(name, value, $minute);

Session操作：

存储一个变量：Session::put(‘key’, ‘value’);

读取一个变量：Session::get(‘key’);

读取一个变量或者返回默认值：Session::get(‘key’, ‘default’);

检查一个变量是否存在：Sesssion::has(‘key’);

删除一个变量：Session::forget(‘key’);

删除所有Session变量：Session::flush();

文件上传操作：

获取用户上传文件：$file = Input::file(‘photo’);

判断是否有上传这个文件：Input::hasFile(‘photo’);

移动上传的文件：

Input::file(‘photo’)->move($destinationPath);

Input::file(‘photo’)->move(destinationPath, fileName);

获取上传文件大小：

Input::file(‘photo’)->getSize();

获取上传文件类型：

Input::file(‘photo’)->getMimeType();

获取用户请求路径：Request::path();

获取用户请求URL：Request::url();

获取Header中的信息：Request::header(‘Content-Type’);

获取SERVER中的信息：Request::server(‘PATH_INFO’);

重定向：

重定向： return Redirect::to(‘user/login’);

有参数的重定向： return Redirect::to(‘user/login’)->with(‘message’, ‘Login Failed’);

重定向到路由：return Redirect::route(‘profile’, array(‘user’ => 1));

返回重定向到Action：return Redirect::action(‘UserController@profile’, array(‘user’ => 1));

视图层：

传递数据给视图：$view = View::make(‘greeting’)->with(‘name’, ‘Steve’);

将一个视图传递给另一个视图：$view = View::make(‘greeting’)->nest(‘child’, ‘child.view’);

返回json：return Response::json(array(‘name’ => ‘Steve’, ‘state’ => ‘CA’));

返回jsonp：return Response::json(array(‘name’ => ‘Steve’, ‘state’ => ‘CA’))->setCallback(Input::get(‘callback’));

返回下载文件：

return Response::download($pathToFile);

return Response::download(pathToFile, status, $headers);

一个基本的控制器：

Image(42)

路由就长这样：

Image(43)

默认中，app/start/global.php文件中包含了一个处理所有异常的处理器。

Image(44)

监听fatal error，可以使用App::fatal方法。

日志操作：

Log::info

Log::warning

Log::error

数据库中随机查询一条记录的SQL

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数据库的随机查询SQL1 Oracle,随机查询20条select * from(select* from 表名order by dbms_random value)where rownum <= 20;2

数据库的随机查询SQL

1. Oracle,随机查询20条

select * from

(
select  *  from 表名
order by dbms_random.value

)
where rownum <= 20;

2.MS SQL Server，随机查询20条

select top 20  * from  表名order by newid()

3.My SQL:，随机查询20条

select  *  from  表名 order by rand() limit 20

 

随机查询指定人员的一条未读消息

帮助消息表 S_MSG_HINT
帮助消息ID SMH_ID NUMBER(20) PK
帮助消息内容 SMH_TEXT VARCHAR2(200)

人员帮助消息表 S_HINTPEOPLE
人员ID SHP_UID VARCHAR2(20) PK
当前帮助消息ID SMH_ID NUMBER(20)  PK FK

如果为已读消息会在 人员帮助消息表里面生成记录

select
   *
from
   (select
       smh.*,
       nvl2( shp.smh_id,1,0) as status –0：未读 1：已读
   from
       s_msg_hint smh
               left join s_hintpeople shp 
                   on smh.smh_id = shp.smh_id 
                   and shp.shp_uid = ‘p_chencc’
   order by
       dbms_random.value  –随机数值排序
   )
where
   status = 0 and –未读消息
   rownum <= 1  –取一条

linux 测试网速的相关工具

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linux 测试网速的相关工具2012-04-18 9:211 iptraf -g 这个最直观2 iperf 　Iperf 是一个网络性能测试工具。Iperf可以测试

linux 测试网速的相关工具
2012-04-18 9:21
1. #  iptraf -g   //这个最直观

2. iperf 　Iperf 是一个网络性能测试工具。Iperf可以测试最大TCP和UDP带宽性能。Iperf具有多种参数和UDP特性，可以根据需要调整。Iperf可以报告带宽，延迟抖动和数据包丢失

TCP:
server(pc):  iperf -s -i 1
client(ls1b):  iperf -t 20 -i 1 -c 192.168.1.167 (pc-ip)

UDP:
server(pc): iperf  -u -s -i 1
client(ls1b): iperf -t 10 -i 1 -u -b 1000M  -c 192.168.1.90

3. #  ifconfig -a
eth0:Link encap:Ethernet  HWaddr 00:1e:64:63:ab:fe
inet addr:192.168.3.103  Bcast:192.168.3.255  Mask:255.255.255.0
inet6 addr: fe80::21e:64ff:fe63:abfe/64 Scope:Link
UP BROADCAST RUNNING MULTICAST  MTU:1500  Metric:1
RX packets:70283 errors:0 dropped:0 overruns:0 frame:0
TX packets:46701 errors:0 dropped:0 overruns:0 carrier:0
collisions:0 txqueuelen:1000
RX bytes:73276012 (73.2 MB)  TX bytes:6267375 (6.2 MB)

4. #  mii-tool -w -v  //更详细的用法 man mii-tool

5. ethtool是用来显示和更改网卡设置的工具 更详细的用法 man ethtool
# ethtool eth0   //显示网络端口设置功能
Settings for eth0:
Supported ports: [ TP MII ]
Supported link modes:   10baseT/Half 10baseT/Full
100baseT/Half 100baseT/Full
Supports auto-negotiation: Yes
Advertised link modes:  10baseT/Half 10baseT/Full
100baseT/Half 100baseT/Full
Advertised pause frame use: No
Advertised auto-negotiation: Yes
Link partner advertised link modes:  Not reported
Link partner advertised pause frame use: No
Link partner advertised auto-negotiation: No
Speed: 10Mb/s
Duplex: Half
Port: MII
PHYAD: 0
Transceiver: internal
Auto-negotiation: on
Supports Wake-on: pumbg
Wake-on: g
Current message level: 0x00000033 (51)
Link detected: no

# ethtool -i eth0  //显示跟硬件相关的信息
driver: r8169
version: 2.3LK-NAPI
firmware-version:
bus-info: 0000:05:00.0

6. # watch -n 1 “/sbin/ifconfig eth0 | grep bytes”